Report

Illegal online gambling: Consumer engagement and trends

The Gambling Commission’s report into estimated trends in consumer engagement with illegal gambling websites.

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Published
25 September 2025

Last updated
30 September 2024 - Changes

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Contents

• Illegal online gambling: Consumer engagement and trends

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• Executive summary
• Introduction
• Identifying illegal gambling websites
• Measuring engagement with the online illegal market
• Assumptions on use of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
• Conclusions
• Next steps
• Annexes
• • Annex A - Summary of approach, assumptions and caveats
  • Annex B - Bootstrapping methodology for web traffic estimates
  • Annex C - Consumer research on VPN use

Financial information - B2C

Group	Question	Guidance
B2C: Revenue share B2C	B2C Gross Gambling Yield (GGY) obtained from revenue share agreements	If you hold a betting host (real or virtual events) licence, this should always be 'no'.

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Last updated: 30 September 2024

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