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Request date: 18 January 2023
This version was printed or saved on: 20 April 2025
Online version: https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/about-us/freedomofinformation/evidence-based-papers-and-case-studies-used-for-policies
Please can you provide me as a FOI request:
The titles of the academic papers and the case studies from other jurisdictions and any other associated materials that were the evidence base used by the Commission to support the introduction of the following policies:
Dear Sir
Thank you for your request which has been processed under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (FOIA).
In your email you have requested:
The titles of the academic papers and the case studies from other jurisdictions and any other associated materials that were the evidence base used by the Gambling Commission to support the introduction of the following policies:
I can confirm that the Commission does hold information falling within the scope of your request.
The following includes evidence which was considered to inform the preparation of the Remote customer interaction guidance on the topics of financial risk and/or affordability, vulnerability and indicators of potential harm, specifically in-play betting.
Some studies were relevant for more than one subject category, and this has not always been replicated in the following content.
Every study listed as follows has its strengths and weaknesses and the listing of a report as follows should not be seen as endorsement by the Commission of the entirety of the findings or their application to the gambling sector.
Related sub-topics, sources and links are Gambling Commission casework.
Related sub-topics, sources and links are Office of National Statistics (ONS): Personal and Household Finances (opens in new tab).
Related sub-topics, sources and links are as follows:
The following have since been published in relation to the lower risk gambling guidelines:
International Gambling Studies (2022), D.C. Hodgins et al - Lower-risk gambling limits: linked analyses across eight countries (PDF) (opens in new tab)
Journal of Gambling Studies (2023), Rochester and Cunningham - Applying the Canadian Low-Risk Gambling Guidelines to Gambling Harm Reduction in England (opens in new tab).
Ongoing review of approaches by other regulators – informed by workshops, participation in development of international standards, example documents also as shown here.
Related sub-topics, sources and links are as follows:
Related sub-topics, sources and links are as follows:
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Participation rates: prevalence and PG rates for the 16-24 age group:
Youth and Neurology:
Related sub-topics, sources and links are as follows:
Incidence of new PG behaviour and new freedoms between 17 and 20:
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(There’s a link between MH problems, especially depression, and gambling – but it’s complex and likely to be bi-directional)
Related sub-topics, sources and links are as follows:
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Related sub-topics, sources and links are as follows:
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Note: Crossover with social isolation
Related sub-topics, sources and links are as follows:
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The information provided here relates to in-play betting and event frequency, which can be a factor in some in-play betting.
Related sub-topics, sources and links are as follows:
Related sub-topics, sources and links are as follows:
Related sub-topics, sources and links are as follows:
If you are unhappy with the service you have received in relation to your Freedom of Information request you are entitled to an internal review of our decision. You should write to FOI Team, Gambling Commission, 4th floor, Victoria Square House, Victoria Square, Birmingham, B2 4BP or by reply to this email.
Please note, internal review requests should be made within 40 working days of the initial response. Requests made outside this timeframe will not be processed.
If you are not content with the outcome of our review, you may then apply directly to the Information Commissioner (ICO) for a decision. Generally, the ICO cannot make a decision unless you have already exhausted the review procedure provided by the Gambling Commission.
The ICO can be contacted at: The Information Commissioner’s Office (opens in a new tab), Wycliffe House, Water Lane, Wilmslow, Cheshire SK9 5AF.
Information Management Team
Gambling Commission
Victoria Square House
Victoria Square
Birmingham B2 4BP